FNZ 38 - Barker, G. M. 1999. Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mollusca: Gastropoda) - Abstract
Barker, GM 1999. Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Fauna of New Zealand 38, 253 pages.
(
ISSN 0111-5383 (print),
;
no.
38.
ISBN 0-478-09322-5 (print),
).
Published 25 Jan 1999
ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/References/1EDCB01F-3A59-4C15-AAF8-8A160A29A2B9
Abstract
The naturalised terrestrial gastropod fauna of New Zealand is shown to comprise a total of 29 species representing 11 stylommatophoran families. Taxa previously recognised in New Zealand's naturalised fauna and confirmed in this study are (with recommended common names): Agriolimacidae - Deroceras laeve (marsh slug), D. panormitanum (brown field slug), D. reticulatum (grey field slug); Arionidae - Arion hortensis (Férussac's orange soled slug), A. intermedius (glade slug); Cochlicopidae - Cochlicopa lubrica (slippery moss snail); Ferussaciidae - Cecilioides acicula (blind pin snail); Helicidae - Cantareus aspersus (brown garden snail); Hygromiidae - Candidula intersecta (wrinkled snail); Limacidae - Lehmannia nyctelia (Bourguignat's slug), Limacus flavus (yellow cellar slug), Limax maximus (tiger slug); Milacidae - Milax gagates (jet slug), Tandonia budapestensis (Budapest slug), T. sowerbyi (Sowerby's slug); Pupillidae - Lauria cylindracea (chrysalis snail); Testacellidae - Testacella haliotidea (shelled slug); Valloniidae - Vallonia excentrica (eccentric grass snail); Vertiginidae - Vertigo ovata (grassland whorl snail); Zonitidae - Oxychilus alliarius (garlic glass snail), O. cellarius (cellar glass snail), O. draparnaudi (Drapamaud's glass snail), Vitrea crystallina (crystal snail). Consistent with recent revisions, several generic-species epithet combinations are applied for the first time to the New Zealand naturalised fauna: these include Cantareus aspersus (formerly in genus Helix); Limacus flavus (formerly in Limax(Limacus) or Lehmannia); Tandonia budapestensis and T. sowerbyi (formerly Milax).
Arion distinctus (Arionidae) (Mabille's orange soled slug) is shown to have been long established and widespread in New Zealand, but previously not recognised as a component of A. hortensis s.l. Zonitoides arboreus (Zonitidae) (orchid snail) is formally recorded as a naturalised species, although its presence since the 1950s has been recognised in the popular press and unpublished plant protection records. Helicodiscus singleyanus (Helicodiscidae) (Singley's subterranean discus snail) is recorded in the naturalised fauna for the first time with recognition of the presumedly indigenous species Hydrophrea academia as a new junior synonym; this small, largely subterranean species has been known from widely scattered localities since 1970. Lehmannia valentiana (Limacidae) (Valencia slug) is recorded in New Zealand for the first time, although specimen material indicates that it has been established at various localities in the North Island since the 1970s. Prietocella barbara (Hygromiidae) (banded conical snail) is formally added to the naturalised fauna, although its establishment was recorded in 1983 but not published; this species is rapidly spreading through northernmost New Zealand. Coneuplecta calculosa (Euconulidae) (calculus cone snail) is the species most recently confirmed (1995) as a naturalisation, and is known at present from a single locality.
Family and generic diagnoses are presented; these were initially developed from the literature, but incorporate much new anatomical observation. All species are redescribed and illustrated on the basis of conchological and anatomical observations of New Zealand and extralimital material, with new or corrected anatomical data, and haploid chromosome numbers taken from the literature. The systematic status of each species is discussed, and information is presented on their distribution, history in New Zealand, and biology. A key to their identification is included. Methods for collection, preparation, and curation of these molluscs are briefly outlined. The systematic treatment of the taxa and the key are supported by a comprehensive description and discussion of the body plan and organ systems in Stylommatophora that are important in systematics and in taxon recognition. Most species are illustrated from life in a series of colour plates.