FNZ 67 - Peloridiidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha) - Appendix A, Glossary
Larivière, M-C; Burckhardt, D; Larochelle, A 2011. Peloridiidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha). Fauna of New Zealand 67, 78 pages.
(
ISSN 0111-5383 (print),
ISSN 1179-7193 (online)
;
no.
67.
ISBN 978-0-478-34730-2 (print),
ISBN 978-0-478-34731-9 (online)
).
Published 14 Nov 2011
ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/References/4D64D3BB-8BF5-4987-B3E2-4A711AEF2020
Appendix A Glossary
acute — sharp or pointed apically, with margins forming an angle of less than 90 degrees.
aedeagus — the slender intromittent structure of the male genitalia used for sperm transfer, analogous to the mammalian penis.
anal tube — the tenth abdominal segment forming a tubular projection distal to the pygophore.
angular — forming an angle.
anterolateral — situated anteriorly and to the side.
anterolateral angles (of paranota) — the angles situated at the front of and on the side of each paranotum.
apex — the end or extremity of a structure or organ.
apical — related to the apex.
apical radial cell — the cell located apically on the wing and anteriorly margined by the Radius (R or radial vein) or its first branch.
areola (plural areolae) — a small cell or closed area, e.g. on the forewing (tegmen).
areolate — with a network of closed cells or areolae.
basal — related to the base.
basal radial cell — the cell located basally on the wing and anteriorly margined by M+CuA (the fused Media and anterior cubital vein).
base — the beginning or point of attachment of a structure or organ.
blunt — having a dull edge, neither sharp nor acute apically.
C, see Costa.
cell (of wing) — open or closed area of wing between or bounded by veins.
claval cell — the cell located basally on the forewing (tegmen), immediately anterior to the clavus.
clavate — clubbed, thickened gradually toward the tip, e.g. the antennae of Peloridiidae.
clavus — the long pointed anal area of the forewing (tegmen), that part next to the scutellum when the wing is folded.
concavity — a hollowed or depressed surface or structure.
coriaceous — thick and tough, leather-like.
Costa, costal vein (C) — the first longitudinal vein of the wing, extending along its anterior margin (costal margin) and ending before the apex; it is unbranched.
costal cells — any wing cells anteriorly margined by the Costa (vein C).
costal margin — the anterior, often thickened, margin of the wing; in Peloridiidae, the outer margin of the forewing (tegmen).
Cu, see cubital vein.
Cubitus or cubital vein (Cu) — the fifth longitudinal vein of the wing immediately posterior to the Media (M); it may be branched, e.g., into an anterior cubital vein (CuA) and a posterior cubital vein (CuP).
dilatation — widening, enlargement.
dorsobasal — situated dorsally towards the base of a structure.
dorsolateral — situated dorsally towards the side of a structure.
fellfield — open rocky environment above the tree-line or in the freeze-thaw zone, with scattered dwarf plants or grass.
fusiform — shaped like a spindle.
genitalia — the modified genital segments of the abdomen and associated structures involved in copulation, fertilisation and oviposition.
gula — the ‘throat’ or sclerite laterally bounded by the genae (‘cheeks’) and forming the median part of the head beneath (fusion of the maxillary plates); absent in Peloridiidae.
humerus (plural humeri) — the basal exterior angle of the forewing (tegmen).
hypognathous (mouthparts) — directed downward from the vertically oriented head of the insect.
impunctate — not marked with punctures or points, not punctate; smooth.
inner — situated on the inside or close to the centre.
laminate — compressed into a thin plate or sheet.
lobe — rounded process or outgrowth on the surface or along the margin of a structure.
M, see Media.
Media or medial vein (M) — the fourth longitudinal vein of the wing, usually divided into two major branches the anterior medial vein or Media Anterior (MA) and the posterior medial vein or Media Posterior (MP), themselves often subdivided.
medially — situated toward the middle or midline of a structure.
MP, see Media.
‘neck’ (of head) — the narrowed part situated behind the eyes and connecting the head to the thorax.
notch — a shallow and narrow V-shaped indentation.
obtuse — blunt or not pointed apically or with margins forming an angle of more than 90 degrees.
ocellus (plural ocelli) — the ‘simple’ eye positioned on the top of the head between the compound eyes; absent in Peloridiidae.
outer — situated on the outside or far from the centre.
ovate — shaped like an egg.
ovipositor — egg-laying apparatus of the female.
parameres — paired lateral processes attached to the base of the aedeagus.
paranotum (plural paranota) — lateral expansion of the pronotum.
petiolate — stalked; placed upon a stalk.
posterolateral — situated posteriorly and to the side.
posteroventral — situated posteriorly on the ventral surface (or underside).
process — a projection from a surface, margin, or structure.
produced — prolonged.
pronotum — dorsal surface of the prothorax.
punctate — marked with punctures or points.
puncture — microscopic pit similar to that made by a needle.
pygophore — the strongly sclerotised ninth abdominal segment, appearing as a double-sided box more or less open dorsally and posteriorly, containing the male genitalia.
quadrate — square or nearly so.
Radial sector or Radius sector (RS) — the most posterior of the two primary divisions of the Radius or radial vein.
Radial vein 1 or Radius 1 (R1) — the most anterior of the two primary divisions of the Radius or radial vein.
Radius or radial vein (R) — the third longitudinal vein of the wing, behind the Costa (C) and Subcosta (Sc), with branches usually covering a large area of wing apex.
rectilinear — shaped like a straight line.
remigium (of tegmen) — the anterior or basal part of the tegmen that includes most of the large wing veins (e.g., Costa, Subcosta, Radius, Media, Cubitus).
ScA, see Subcosta Anterior.
ScP, see Subcosta Posterior.
scutellum — dorsal, more or less triangular part of the mesothorax, usually visible between the bases of the forewings (tegmina).
serrulate — armed with small teeth.
sinuate — wavy.
spiracle(s) — external opening of the respiratory system in the body wall; paired lateral ‘holes’ located ventrally in Peloridiidae.
sub- (as a prefix) — rather, almost.
Subcosta Anterior or anterior subcostal vein (ScA) — the anterior branch of the second longitudinal vein of the wing (Sc or Subcosta), immediately behind the Costa (C).
Subcosta Posterior or posterior subcostal vein (ScP) — the posterior branch of the second longitudinal vein of the wing (Sc or Subcosta), immediately behind the Costa (C).
subcostal cell — cell located in the basal half of the wing, anteriorly margined by the Subcosta (Sc) or its posterior branch (ScP or Subcosta Posterior).
tarsus (plural tarsi) — the insect ‘foot’; an appendage attached to the end of each tibia, divided into two segments in Peloridiidae.
tegmen (plural tegmina) — the thickened leathery forewing of Peloridiidae.
tergite 8 — the upper or dorsal surface of the eighth abdominal segment, consisting of a single sclerite or sclerotised (hardened) plate.
tergite 9 (of female) — the upper or dorsal surface of the ninth abdominal segment, consisting of a single sclerite or sclerotised (hardened) plate extending ventrally so that its lateral margins almost touch and partially covering the ovipositor.
transversely — in a crosswise direction.
truncate — cut off rather squarely or obliquely at the tip.
valvula 1 (plural valvulae 1) — one of a pair of sclerotised appendages (gonapophyses) of the eighth abdominal segment of the female, forming the anterior or ventral blades of the ovipositor.